Universidad Pública de Navarra - Nafarroako Univertsitate Publikoa

Module/Subject matter

Matter M31. Further studies in Mathematics and Physics

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Contents

1. Magnetism of matter. Hysteresis loop and the saturation magnetization.

Origin of the magnetic moment and origin of magnetization of materials: exchange interaction, ferromagnetism, spontaneous magnetization. Magnetic anisotropy. Magnetic domains, magnetic domain walls. Magnetization processes: magnetization rotation, magnetic domain walls displacement, hysteresis loop and their parameters, saturation magnetization and its dependence with temperature: Ms(T).

2. Permanent magnets.

Characteristic parameters of a magnet: coercive field, remanence, product BrHc. Hard magnetic materials: high magnetic anisotropy, pinning of magnetic domain walls. Materials for permanent magnets: high magnetization, high magnetic anisotropy, high Curie temperature. Influence of shape of a magnet: magnetostatic energy.
 
3. Magnetomotive force (strength of magnetic tension)

Magnetic circuit: magnetomotive force, reluctance. Coupled magnetic circuits: series reluctances, parallel reluctances. Magnetic circuit for a magnet: demagnetizing field, magnetic field in the gap, magnetic energy in the gap. The product (BH)max
 
4. Electromagnetic waves.

Maxwell¿s equation: deducing the electromagnetic wave, EMW, function. EMWs in dielectric media, EMWs in conductors. Properties of electric field and properties of magnetic field in EMWs. Radiation of EMW by an electric dipole: power of radiation and resistance to radiation.

5. Transmission of electromagnetic waves in a media: transmission lines, TEM mode propagation.

Transmission of waves in insulators and in conductors. Reflection and refraction of the electromagnetic wave. Waveguides: propagation modes. Propagation in the TEM mode.

LABORATORY
1. Hysteresis loop of a soft magnetic material.
2. Hysteresis loop of a hard magnetic material.
3. Hysteresis loop: influence of the shape of the material.
4. Hysteresis loop of a magnetoelastic material: influence of the tension.
5. Determination of the variation Ms(T): magnetisation-temperature.
6. Characterization of a magnet.
7. Magnetic circuit: magnetic field in the gap.
8. Interaction electromagnetic wave-magnetic material: Kerr effect.
9. Waveguide

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General proficiencies

CG1: Ability to write, sign and development of projects in the field of industrial engineering, aimed at the construction, alteration, repair, maintenance, demolition, manufacturing, assembly, installation or operation of:
structures, mechanical equipment, energy facilities, electrical and electronic installations and industrial plants and manufacturing processes and automation.

CG2: Ability to address the activities to engineering projects described in the previous section.

CG3: Knowledge in basic and technological disciplines, to enable them to learn new methods and theories, and equip them with the versatility to adapt to new situations.

CG4: Ability to solve problems with initiative, decision making, creativity, critical thinking and to communicate and transmit knowledge, skills and abilities in the field of Industrial Engineering.

Skills Basic Training Module.

CB2: Understand and master the basics of general laws
mechanics, thermodynamics, and electromagnetism, fields and waves, and their application to solving problems of engineering.

CB3: Possess basic knowledge of the use and programming of computers, operating systems, databases and software with applications in engineering. 

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Specific proficiencies

When the learning process is finished the student is able to:

• Understand the phenomena corresponding to magnetism of matter.
• Calculate magnetic circuit: magnetomotive force (strength of magnetic tension)
• Know and calculate permanent magnet systems.
• Know fundamentlas and properties of electromagnetic waves.
• Know the principles of electromagnetic waves propagation in the TEM mode in transmission lines.

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Learning outcomes

CB2: - Understand and master the basics of electromagnetic field, EM-F: origin and properties; generation and propagation of monochromatic and plane EM waves in insulating means, properties and characteristic parameters; generation and propagation of monochromatic and plane EM waves in conductors, properties and characteristic parameters.

- Learn and master the basics of the EM-F propagation in different materials; reflection and refraction of electromagnetic wave. Waveguides: propagation modes. TEM propagation mode.

- Learn and master the origin of the magnetic moment and magnetization of the different magnetic materials: fundamental properties and most important technical characteristics of these derivatives: magnetization currents, magnetization poles.

C-SPECIFIC: - Understand and calculate the magnetic field produced by different materials using magnetization currents and magnetic poles

- Know the structure of magnetic domains, the structure of magnetic walls between domains and magnetization processes establishing the relationship with the magnetic hysteresis loop and the most important technical parameters.

- Know how to calculate the thermal energy dissipated per unit volume for each hysteresis loop of magnetic material

- Know how to calculate the magnetization process by rotation of the magnetization for uniaxial anisotropy and magnetization processes by shift magnetic domain walls

- Know how to calculate the magnetic circuit in the case of magnetic activation by electric currents and magnetic linear components: magnetic field in the air gap. Knowing how to calculate the reluctance of a magnetic circuit of a stretch, and various associations of several sections

- Know how to calculate the magnetic circuit in the case of magnetic activation magnets: magnetic field in the air gap

- Know how to calculate the magnetic energy stored in the air gap and its relation to the characteristic parameters of the material

- To know the intrinsic parameters and intrinsic hysteresis loop for the magnetic material of a magnet

- Know how to calculate the characteristic parameters of a magnet, its load line, the working point and maximum BH product.

EXPERIMENTALLY:

- Know the basis of the measure and measure the hysteresis loop of several magnetic materials at least one of the following: i) induction at very low frequency (quasi-static), L-FQ; ii) by induction at L-FQ and shape influence; iii) at medium frequency induction by ac; iv) at medium frequency induction by ac and influence of applied mechanical stress.

- Knowing the basis of the measure and measure the magnetic field in the air gap and the magnetic energy stored therein for a magnetic circuit of at least one of the cases: i) magnetically activated by currents and different lengths of the gap; ii) magnetically triggered by a magnet with different volumes and for different air gap of lengths.

In special cases and more experienced students:

- Knowing the basis of the measure and measure the hysteresis loop of various magnetic materials in thin film form by means of electromagnetic wave interaction with magnetic material, transverse Kerr magneto-optical effect.

- Identify the characteristics of a magnet knowing the basis of the measure and measuring the magnetic field produced by the magnet points outside, inside and determining their current magnetization.

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Methodology

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Evaluation

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Experimental practice program

LABORATORY

1. Hysteresis loop of a soft magnetic material.

2. Hysteresis loop of a hard magnetic material.

3. Hysteresis loop: influence of the shape of a material.

4. Hysteresis loop of a magnetoelastic material: influence of the tension.

5. Measurement of the Ms(T) curve: magnetization-temperature

6. Characterization of a magnet.

7. Magnetic circuit: magnetic field in the gap.

8. Electromagnetic wave-magnetic material interaction: Kerr effect.

9. Waveguide.

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Bibliography

Access the bibliography that your professor has requested from the Library.

1. Introduction to magnetic materials. B.D. Cullity. Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Inc. (Reading, MA 1972) ISBN: 0-201-01218-9

2. Introduction to Magnetism and Magnetic Materials. David Jiles. Chapman and Hall (London, UK 1998) ISBN: 0 412 79850 6

3. Modern Magnetic Materials. Robert C. O´Handley. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. (New York NY 2000) ISBN: 0-471-15566-7

4. Física de los Materiales Magnéticos. Antonio Hernando y Juan M. Rojo. Ed. Síntersis (Madrid, España 2001) ISBN: 84-77-38-857-1

5. Magnetism : Materials and Applications. Ed. by Étienne du Trémolet de Lacheisserie, Damien Gignoux, Michel Schlenker. KluwerAcademic Publishers, Springer Science+Business Media, Inc. (New York NY 2005) ISBN: 0-387-23000-9

6. Magnetism and Magnetic Materials. J.M.D. Coey. Cambridge University Press,  (Cambridge, UK 2010) ISBN: 978-0-521-81614-4

7. Los Materiales Magnéticos en la Industria Eléctrica. P.R. Bardell. Urmo (Bilbao 1970)

1. Campos y Ondas Electromagnéticos P.Lorrain y D.R.Corson. Ed. Selecc. Científicas (Madrid 1986)
2. Campos Electromagnéticos R.K.Wangsness. Ed. Limusa (Méjico D.F. 1989)
3. Electricity and Magnetism Bleaney and Bleaney. 3ª Edición. Oxford University Press. (Oxford 1991) 
4. Electromagnétisme 1, 2, 3 y 4  M.Bertin, J.P.Faroux et J.Renault. Ed. Dunod Université (Paris 1986)

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Languages

English

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Location

Arrosadia Campus

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