Course code: 503207 | Subject title: HYDRAULICS AND FARM MACHINERY | ||||
Credits: 6 | Type of subject: Mandatory | Year: 2 | Period: 2º S | ||
Department: Ingeniería | |||||
Lecturers: | |||||
GIMENEZ DIAZ, RAFAEL (Resp) [Mentoring ] | ABREGO ARLEGUI, ANDRES [Mentoring ] |
Properties of fluids: hydrostatics and hydrodinamics. Pumps and pumping systems. Engines, farm machines, safety.
ENAEE Learning outcomes:
ENAEE-5: La capacidad de aplicar su conocimiento y comprensión para identificar, formular y resolver problemas de ingeniería utilizando métodos adecuados.
ENAEE-9: Comprensión de los diferentes métodos y capacidad para aplicarlos.
ENAEE-17: Funcionar de forma efectiva tanto de forma individual como en equipo.
Methodology - Activity | Attendance | Self-study |
A-1 Exposition/Participative Classes | 30 | 53 |
A-2 Practical classes | 16 | 12 |
A-3 Cooperative learning activities | 2 | 2 |
A-4 Group projects | 9 | 23 |
A-5 Individual practice and study time | ||
A-6 Tutorials | ||
A-7 Exams and evaluation activities | 3 | |
Total | 60 | 90 |
Learning outcome | Evaluation system | Weight (%) | Possibility of resit |
R1, R2, R3 | Written exam | 27.5% Minimum grade to pass the course= 5/10 | YES Through written exam |
R4 | Written exam | 27.5% Minimum grade to pass the course= 5/10 | YES Through written exam |
R1, R2, R3,R4 | Individual or group works to solve practical problems analyzing the obtained results | 30% Minimum grade to weigh in the final grade of the course= 5/10 Approval is mandatory | YES Through written exam |
R1, R2, R3,R4 | Short project to solve the formulated problem analyzing the obtained results | 15% | NO |
Module: Hydraulics
Theory
Unit 1. The hydraulic engineering in a rural framework
Introduction.Engineering, hydraulic engineering. The hydraulic engineering in a rural framework, an overview.
Unit 2. Physical magnitudes. Definition and properties of fluids
Introduction. Magnitudes, dimensions, units and conversion factors. Dimensionless numbers in hydraulics. Fluid, liquid, gas. Density and specific weight. Pressure. Surface forces and mass forces. Viscosity.
Unit 3. Hydrostatics
Introduction. The hydrostatic equation. Forces on immersed surfaces. Devices to measure pressure intensity based on hydrostatics' principles
Unit 4. Fundamentals of fluid in motion
Introduction. Liquid at rest and in motion. Classifying various types of fluid flow: flow through pipelines and flow in open channels; steady and unsteady flow; uniform and non-uniform flow; real and ideal flow; one-dimensional, bidimensional and three-dimensional flow; laminar and turbulent flow; reynolds number.
Unit 5. Main equations for fluid in motion
Introduction.Principles and laws governing the hydraulics. The continuity equation. The energy equation: the Bernoulli equation; energy in a fluid cross-section; energy head line and piezometric head line, flow power.
Unit 6. Flow through pipelines
Introduction. Determination of head loss in pipes: Equations to calculate head loss. Darcy-Weisbach equation; friction factor; minor head loss. Simple pipelines. Characteristic curve of pipelines. Complex pipelines. Parallel and branching pipelines. Fundamentals of ramified network pipelines
Unit 7. Pumps and pumping system
Introduction. Types of pumps. Head generated by a pump. Head- Discharge curve. Cavitation. NPSH curves. Pumps in parallel and pumps in series
Unti 8. Flow in open channels
Introduction. Fundamentals of flow in open channels. Main equations governing the hydraulics of open channels: specific energy and critical depth; the Manning equation. Flow transitions. Hydraulic jump.
Practice
Practice 1. Flow clasificación . Energy equation in open channels and pipes.
Practice 2. Hydrometry. Venturimeter. Weirs. Velocy meter.
Practice 3. Head losses in pipelines. Lineal and localized head losses
Practice 4. Centrifugal pumps.Characteristics curves.
Practice 5. Open cannel flow. Geometric features of a channel. Manning's equation.
Module: Farm machines
Unit 1. Traction and power machines: Tractors and motor cultivators.
Standard ISO 3339-0: 1986. Tractors and machinery for agriculture and forestry -- Classification and terminology -- Part 0: Classification system and classification
Unit 2. Tractor components
Internal combustion engines. Fuels and atmospheric emissions. Power supply system. Wheels. Hitches for the implements. Brakes. Steering.
Unit 3. Transmissions
Clutch. Types and operation. Gearbox. Automatic gearbox. Differential. Differential lock. Final reduction. Types of powered front axles. Front differential. Independent shafts.
Unit 4. Dynamic and energetic balance
Breaking power tests. Characteristic curves. Iso-consumption curves. Drawbar power tests. Energetic balance. Other tractor tests. Tractor static and dynamic study.
Unit 5. Tractor selection technical criteria
Tractor selection technical criteria. Tractor selection economic criteria. Other socio-economic criteria.
Unit 6. Drive and distribution mechanisms of the farm machines
Tractor-implement relationship. Hydraulic, mechanical and electronic drives. Fertiliser distribution units. Seeds distribution units. Distribution elements of sprayers.
Unit 7. Common and generic risks of farm machines
Common risks of farm machines. Generic risks of farm machines. Prevention and protection. Accident rates in the management of farm machinery. Accidents during coupling and uncoupling of the implements. Accidents at the power take-off. Protective structures on the tractors.
Short project
Students must carry out a study that relates both parts of the subject.
Access the bibliography that your professor has requested from the Library.
BASIC BIBLIOGRAPHY:
Acceda a la bibliografía que su profesor ha solicitado a la Biblioteca.
Hamill, L. 2011. Understanding Hydraulics. Palgrave MacMillan Ed. 3th Edition.
Borgman, D.E. 2008. Tractors. How to operate, maintain, and improve the performance of your tractor. John Deere Ed. 4th Edition.
Hydraulics. The fundamentals of service and theory of operation for hydraulic systems in off-road vehicles, trucks, and buses. 2011. John Deere Ed. 8th Edition.
Arnal, P.V. & Laguna, A. Tractores y motores agrícolas. Ed. Mundi-Prensa. 1996.
SUPPLEMENTARY BIBLIOGRAPHY:
Losada, A., 1995. El riego. Fundamentos hidráulicos. Mundi-Prensa. Madrid.
Shames, I. H., 1995. Mecánica de Fluidos. McGraw-Hill Interamericana. Santafé de Bogotá.
Hamill, L., 2011. Understanding Hydraulics. Palgrave MacMillan. Basingstoke, Hampshire.
Arias-Paz. M. Tractores. Ed. Dossat.
Boto, J.A. La mecanización agraria. Principios y aplicaciones. Universidad de León, 2006.
Giacosa, D. Motores Endotérmicos. Ed. Omega Barcelona.
Hunt, D. Farm power and machinery management. 9ª ed. Ed. Iowa State University Press, Ames, Iowa, 1995.
Ortiz-Cañavate, J. Tractores. Técnica y Seguridad. Ed. Mundi-Prensa. Madrid, 2005.